Thus y=birth weight and x=gestational age. In this example, birth weight is the dependent variable and gestational age is the independent variable. We wish to estimate the association between gestational age and infant birth weight. Scenario 4 might depict the strong negative association (r= -0.9) generally observed between the number of hours of aerobic exercise per week and percent body fat.Įxample - Correlation of Gestational Age and Birth WeightĪ small study is conducted involving 17 infants to investigate the association between gestational age at birth, measured in weeks, and birth weight, measured in grams.Scenario 3 might depict the lack of association (r approximately = 0) between the extent of media exposure in adolescence and age at which adolescents initiate sexual activity.Scenario 2 depicts a weaker association (r=0,2) that we might expect to see between age and body mass index (which tends to increase with age).Scenario 1 depicts a strong positive association (r=0.9), similar to what we might see for the correlation between infant birth weight and birth length.The figure below shows four hypothetical scenarios in which one continuous variable is plotted along the X-axis and the other along the Y-axis. Graphical displays are particularly useful to explore associations between variables. Therefore, it is always important to evaluate the data carefully before computing a correlation coefficient. It is important to note that there may be a non-linear association between two continuous variables, but computation of a correlation coefficient does not detect this. A correlation close to zero suggests no linear association between two continuous variables. The magnitude of the correlation coefficient indicates the strength of the association.įor example, a correlation of r = 0.9 suggests a strong, positive association between two variables, whereas a correlation of r = -0.2 suggest a weak, negative association. The sign of the correlation coefficient indicates the direction of the association. The correlation between two variables can be positive (i.e., higher levels of one variable are associated with higher levels of the other) or negative (i.e., higher levels of one variable are associated with lower levels of the other). Ranges between -1 and +1 and quantifies the direction and strength of the linear association between the two variables. The sample correlation coefficient, denoted r, In correlation analysis, we estimate a sample correlation coefficient, more specifically the Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient.
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![]() The best examples of these games are the Paradox Interactive series of games or Starborne. The player is rarely given direct control of their people, or even their economies, but instead acts as a guiding spirit for the nation. They focus on the sweeping strategies and intrigues of running an entire empire. Grand Strategy Games are the antithesis of tactics games. This often makes them more focused upon managing small groups, rather than empires or economies. Tactics games tend to be shorter and focus on more intimate scenarios. It certainly requires long term planning, but not on a grand scale. A good example of a tactics game is the squad combat of the X-Com series. Where strategy games tend to focus on long term planning tactics games focus on shorter smaller scale engagements. Within these categories strategy games there are two important, but very different, subcategories: Tactics Games In this context we should view abstract and simulation strategy games as a statement of intent, as opposed to a hard and fast rule and many of the games we will explore will fall somewhere on the spectrum between an ambiguous strategy game and a simulation strategy game. ![]() Many simulation strategy games will be forced to make concessions to reality in order to be playable. Some abstract games, like Junta, will have a specific theme which is important to the gameplay, and even seek to build the “feel” of that theme. There Are Countless Sub-Categories of Strategy GamesĪ lot of games won’t fall perfectly into either the category of simulation or abstract. There are also some board games, such as Kriegsspiel, which will fit into this category. This does not mean that a simulation strategy game will always seek to make a game mimic real life, simply that it will attempt to be as true to life as possible.Ī large number of modern video games, such as Hearts of Iron IV, could be considered to be simulation strategy games. These are games where theme matters, and decisions are made to make the experience as true to life as possible. Simulation Strategy GamesĪre typically designed to accurately depict a scenario as closely as possible. The majority of two player board games can be considered to be abstract strategy games. Whether you believe your Knight is charging into battle, or being used to disrupt enemy supply lines it does not change the way the piece moves.Īdditionally abstract strategy games will tend to have perfect information with the elimination of chance or randomness. For example you can apply a number of themes to chess a medieval battle, dynastic politics, or managing a Kingdom, but this does not change the way the game is played. There are many different kinds of strategy games but they broadly fall into one of two categories: Abstract Strategy GamesĪbstract strategy games are typically considered to be games where the “theme” does not change the way the game is played. A player's decisions are important in determining the outcome of the game, and players are required to weigh the potential impact of multiple decisions in order to win. Strategy games are games that emphasize long term planning, analytics, and skillful thinking in order to achieve victory. In order to understand how we got to the modern hits of the day, let’s take a short journey through the history of strategy games. Our journey from simple board games to sprawling digital battles involving thousands of competitors is a long one, often entwined with important events of the past. ![]() They have been tools to sharpen our minds, ways to pass long nights, and to bond with our friends. From the ancient game of Senet to modern games like Starborne, strategy games have played an important role in human society. ![]() A new species is assigned to a genus based on its relatedness to other organisms. Scientific naming follows certain rules or conventions. When a new species is discovered, it is given a name. Nick Pyenson and colleagues discovered that the diversity of sea cow species used to be higher on Earth. The study of fossils reveals new species from the past that are now extinct. Carole Baldwin continues to encounter new species of fish. Using submersibles to study deep coral reefs, Icthyologist Dr. Terry Erwin and colleagues discovered 177 species of parasitic wasps. Jonathan Coddington and colleagues published the discovery of the largest web-spinning spider ( Nephila komaci) in the world in 2009. New species are still being discovered, for example by scientists from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. An "endemic" species occurs in a particular area and nowhere else. Scientists race to catalog species before they go extinct. Current estimates are of about 10 million species on Earth, of which only about 1.9 million have been named and catalogued. ![]() We are still learning about how many species exist and how they relate to each other and their environment. An individual of a species can reproduce successfully, creating viable offspring, only with another member of that species. Each species is a group of organisms with unique characteristics. They include bacteria, protozoa, fungi, flowering plants, ants, beetles, butterflies, birds, fishes, and large animals such as elephants, whales, and bears. Species come in all shapes and sizes, from organisms so small they can only be seen with powerful microscopes to huge redwood trees. Changes at one level can cause changes at other levels. Each is important, interacting with and influencing others. In fact, these levels cannot be separated. Scientists often speak of three levels of diversity: species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity. Biodiversity changes over time as extinction occurs and new species evolve. ![]() All species, including human beings, are intricately linked by their interactions with each other and the environments they live in.īiodiversity - short for biological diversity - is the variety of all living things and their interactions. Millions of species inhabit land, freshwater, and ocean ecosystems. Wilson, the noted biologist and author who coined the term “biodiversity,” explains it as “the very stuff of life.”įor at least 3.8 billion years, a complex web of life has been evolving on Earth. Biodiversity is the extraordinary variety of life on Earth - from genes and species to ecosystems and the valuable functions they perform. ![]() Fishbone diagrams are applicable in the medical field for the identification of various inefficiencies such as delays in diagnosis or diagnostic errors. It is extremely helpful as a brainstorming tool when there’s not enough data to support problem-solving efforts. ![]()
![]() Any nuclide is characterized by the pair of numbers ( Z ,A). For example, a nucleus of atomic number 7 is a nuclide of nitrogen. The term nuclide simply refers to any particular kind of nucleus. The chemical name of the element and its symbol are uniquely tied to the atomic number thus the symbol "Sr" stands for strontium, whose atoms all have Z = 38. You can think of the atomic number as a kind of serial number of an element, commencing at 1 for hydrogen and increasing by one for each successive element. Moseley found that the square roots of these frequencies give a straight line when plotted against Z this enabled him to sort the elements in order of increasing atomic number. The frequencies of these X-rays are unique to each element, and they increase uniformly in successive elements. He found this in a class of X-rays emitted by an element when it is bombarded with electrons. Moseley searched for a measurable property of each element that increases linearly with atomic number. In the neutral atom, the Z protons within the nucleus are balanced by Z electrons outside it.Ītomic numbers were first worked out in 1913 by Henry Moseley, a young member of Rutherford's research group in Manchester. Each proton carries an electric charge of +1, so the atomic number also specifies the electric charge of the nucleus. It is, rather, the number of protons in the nucleus, which we call the atomic number and denote by the symbol Z. What single parameter uniquely characterizes the atom of a given element? It is not the atom's relative mass, as we will see in the section on isotopes below. The radius of an atom must be defined arbitrarily, such as the boundary in which the electron can be found with 95% probability. The latter has no definite outer boundary, so neither does the atom. It is common (but somewhat misleading) to describe the volume of space in which the electrons of an atom have a significant probability of being found as the electron cloud. ![]() The extremely small mass of the electron (1/1840 the mass of the hydrogen nucleus) causes it to behave as a quantum particle, which means that its location at any moment cannot be specified the best we can do is describe its behavior in terms of the probability of its manifesting itself at any point in space. Almost all of the volume of an atom consists of empty space in which electrons, the fundamental carriers of negative electric charge, reside.Almost all of the mass of an atom is contained within a tiny (and therefore extremely dense) nucleus which carries a positive electric charge whose value identifies each element and is known as the atomic number of the element.The most notable of these achievements was Ernest Rutherford's famous 1911 alpha-ray scattering experiment, which established that The precise physical nature of atoms finally emerged from a series of elegant experiments carried out between 18. ![]() ![]() It's perfectly possible to play a very good PC port of Super Mario 64 and this new RT alternative, but you'll have to compile the code yourself. In terms of legalities, the source code is readily available, and it's only compiled executables that tend to incur the wrath of Nintendo. As it's open source, contributors are welcome to launch their own forks and add functionality to the game, which is exactly what Darío has done here with his ray traced version. The original N64 title was decompiled and source code made available, resulting in a number of ports for various platforms, including - ironically - Nintendo Switch. Super Mario 64 RT: Full Ray Tracing Conversion - PC Technical Preview First Look! Alex Battaglia and John Linneman get to grips with an early build of SM64RT - a fully ray traced version of the Nintendo classic, here running on a PC with an RTX 3090.įirst up, a word on the origins of the PC port of Super Mario 64. The SMT64RT project goes public today with a technical preview available to download. We've got a somewhat special build of the game, built from source code provided by author Daríosamo with additional elements provided by Render96, a project that aims to improve models and textures in Super Mario 64 with a view to matching the kind of pre-rendered SGI aesthetic seen in pre-release Nintendo 64 renders. The embedded video below shows over half an hour of gameplay taken from an early technical preview of Super Mario 64 RT, a PC-based revamp of the game that replaces all of the lighting and the reflections in the game with RT effects. We've already seen Quake 2 RTX and today we can reveal early work on a fully ray traced version of the N64 classic, Super Mario 64. Fully ray traced games are few and far between, but revisiting decades-old classics and delivering them with a full RT upgrade is within the power envelope of today's graphics hardware. The arrival of hardware-accelerated ray tracing has seen developers mostly adopt a hybrid approach, combining standard rasterisation techniques with carefully deployed RT features. ![]() The iPhone 15 and 15 Plus and the iPhone 15 Pro and Pro Max, announced on September 12, 2023, became the first iPhones to use USB-C, and the last few Lightning accessories will make the transition by 2025. In response to legislation to standardize charging ports passed in 2022, Apple said it would comply with regulations. In 2018, Apple began transitioning to USB-C on iPad Pros and accessories. The plug is indented on each side to match up with corresponding points inside the receptacle to retain the connection. ![]() Using 8 pins instead of 30, Lightning is much smaller than its predecessor. The Lightning connector is used to connect Apple mobile devices like iPhones, iPads, and iPods to host computers, external monitors, cameras, USB battery chargers, and other peripherals. It was introduced on September 12, 2012, in conjunction with the iPhone 5, to replace its predecessor, the 30-pin dock connector. Lightning is a proprietary computer bus and power connector, created and designed by Apple Inc. (No swapping occurs if the accessory identification chip is connected to the ID0 pin.) Lane 0 and 1 may be swapped in the IC of the device connector. The C101 lightning connector is used Lightning to 3.5 mm Headphone Jack Adapter.Top-down view of a Lightning connector, showing one side of eight pins C91 lightning connector is the same as C94 lightning connector, but C91 lightning connector was used on Apple original cable, C94 lightning connector is used on third parties of mfi manufacturer, however, now latest USB C to lightning cable from Apple also use C94 lightning connector.Ĭ100 lightning connector is used on Earpods with Lightning Connector The C94 lightning connector looks the same as the C89 lightning connector, and their price is also the same. C48 lightning connector pin color is gold, but the C89 lightning connector pin color is silverĬ94 lightning connector and C91 lightning connectorĬ94 lightning connector is used on USB C to Lightning cable which supports 18W or higher PD fast Charging.There are several small ICs on the C48 lightning connector PCB, but the C89 lightning connector with a big IC on the PCB makes it more difficult to crack. ![]() The below picture shows the difference between the C48 lightning connector and the C89 lightning connector. The function of the C48 lightning connector is the same as the C89 lightning connector, but the C89 connector is designed with high-level confidentiality of information. No matter how apple updates the IOS, the C48 lightning connector still works as long as it is original.Ĭ89 lightning connector is used on the USB to lightning cable which is used instead of the old C48 lightning connector. The C48 lightning connector in the market is all the old stock, but it doesn’t matter about the function, it still works on the latest iPhone 12 or iPad. Regarding the MFI cable, we can see that there are many kinds of lightning connectors, such as C48/C89/C91/C94/C100/C101, you may get confused about what difference are they? Aren’t they the same lightning connector as they look the same?Ĭ48 lightning connector is used on USB to Lightning Cable, it is old version lightning connector, apple stop to supply C48 connector since March 2019. Differences of Apple MFI Original Lightning Connector C48/C89/C91/C94/C100/C101 ![]() ![]() Whether any of the proceedings are in the jurisdiction of the family court are considered special proceedings and come under the guidelines of Civil and Practice Rules, Article 4. These court rules will vary from state to state. A motion may be brought at any stage of a case, though the right to do so is regulated by court rules. In the United States, a legal motion is a procedural device to call the court to make a decision on a particular issue. The court says that where an obligation can be enforced or a right established the procedure is similar to a motion, but ends with a judgment (Cruz v TD Bank N.A. The court defines special proceedings as a “hybrid between an action and a motion” (Weinstien-Korn-Miller NY Civil Practice 401.03 at 4-8. He argues that this is a special proceeding and that a special proceeding, and that a special leave of court is required to obtain a disclosure (Civil Practice Law and Rules 408, 3042) The respondent filed this motion for an order to compel compliance (Civil Practice Law and Rules Sec. The Petitioner declined to serve a bill of particulars complying with the demand. filed for an Order Compelling the Petitioner, Carlos L., to serve a bill of particulars, which is granted (Civil Practice Law and Rules sec. The attorney for the defendant was Heather Lothrop of Kew Gardens. Contact Schlam Stone & Dolan partner John Lundin at if you or a client has a question regarding discovery obligations (and what to do if a litigant is not honoring those obligations).Attorney for Petitioner was Maria V. As this decision shows, a bill of particulars is intended to amplify the allegations of a pleading, not as a substitute for discovery devices, such as interrogatories. The scope of discovery in New York is broad, but it does not include the device discussed here: a demand for a bill of particulars. (Internal quotations and citations omitted).Ī big part of complex commercial litigation is giving, receiving and evaluating evidence (this is called "discovery"). Accordingly, the Defendants' Demand for a Verified Bill of Particulars is vacated. The Defendants may not avoid the limitation on the number of interrogatories by simply calling it a demand for a bill of particulars. ![]() However, such requests are improper in a bill of particulars and must be sought in the form of interrogatories pursuant to Rule 11-a of the Commercial Division Rules or by another appropriate disclosure device. Significantly, the majority of the requests vaguely ask the Plaintiff to "state the basis for the allegations" for nearly every paragraph of the 95 paragraph, highly detailed complaint (Requests 13-75). ![]() To wit, the Defendants' Demand for a Verified Bill of Particulars seeks the identification of witnesses with knowledge of relevant information (requests 1 and 2), and a computation of damages (request 11). Here, the Defendants' Demand for a Verified Bill of Particulars, which contains 75 paragraphs, excluding subparts, seeks details more appropriately developed at a deposition and not consonant with the purposes of a bill of particulars. In this case, no such expansion was requested or provided. In addition, the commercial division rules limit interrogatories to 25, including subparts, unless the court provides a different limit in the preliminary conference order. When a bill of particulars is replete with palpably improper evidentiary requests, the proper remedy is vacatur of the bill of particulars. In other words, the purpose of the bill of particulars is to amplify the pleading, limit the proof, and prevent surprise at trial, but it is not a vehicle to obtain evidentiary material. In fact, although the drafters of the CPLR also recommended its abolishment in conjunction with the expansion of the disclosure statutes now found in article 31, the Legislature retained the bill of particulars, not as a disclosure device, but in its traditional and limited role as a means of amplifying a pleading. The bill of particulars has been abolished in many jurisdictions, including in the federal courts, as broader disclosure statutes have rendered them superfluous. 32944(U), vacating a demand for a bill of particulars because it was being used as a discovery device, explaining: On September 8, 2020, Justice Borrok of the New York County Commercial Division issued a decision in Orentreich v. Categories Commercial, Discovery/Disclosure Demand for a Bill of Particulars Vacated Because it Was Being Used as a Discovery Device ![]() Unfortunately the side effect of these changes to their limb animations means that virtually all normal pants and any chest pieces that have sleeves will clip on them, hence why I had to create a bunch of custom armor and clothing. Thus despite appearing shorter, their hitbox is the same size as any of the vanilla races, and their "crouch" animation shows their true height. By repelling the iron in their own bodies from the trace amounts of magnetic metals found on most planets, they float several inches above the ground. ![]() Their bodies also consist of far greater concentrations of minerals and metals, allowing them to manipulate certain elements, even to the point that their main method of movement is levitation via reverse magnetism. Their flesh is a sort of organic stone, their hair/beards are crystalline formations. Exiting & restarting the mini game will fix this.īoth to accommodate the nightmare that is hitbox modding, and to give a bit of unique flavor to this race, these stoutfolk do differ a bit from more traditional iterations of dwarves. The 2 mini games based on Kawa's arcade game will severely lag out after playing for a few minutes.I intend to add planets at some point, but they will be presented as a separate add-on, to preserve the "safe to uninstall" quality of this mod. This mod is 100% safe to uninstall without corrupting your universe file.When that is ready, I will link it on this page. I'm working on a compatibility patch for Frackin' Universe to optimize some features that don't quite work as intended with FU installed.This IS compatible with Frackin' Universe, and shouldn't have any conflicts with any other mods, though if you come across any, let me know.I've only used "Xbawks Character Extender" for playtesting, but presumably others would work as well. This requires a character selection extender.REQUIREMENTS, COMPATIBILITY, & KNOWN ISSUES 5 new monster allies that you can spawn 3 types of golems, plus friendly twiguns & moontants 10 cooking recipes made with ingredients from farmable hydroponic tubes, meat-yielding cave crab critters with their own spawner, & a new variety of mushroom treeĦ. Also included is a powerful tier 7 armor set (Goldbeard Armor) & hammer (Voidmaul), which are attainable after completing the vanilla main story.ĥ. Dozens of craftable tiered melee weapons/guns/shields, 4 craftable racial outfits, 10 craftable racial armor sets. Over 100 new furniture items, many of which are animated, interactive, or both, including 4 custom mini gamesĤ. ![]() Custom designed & fully furnished racial ship complete with NPC "crew" tenants, unlocked once you attain ship tier 3+ (leveling up your ship further won't change its appearance any more, but will increase your crew capacity as normal)ģ.
![]() IDM has also added Windows 8 compatibility and it features Windows 7 and Windows Vista support Internet Download Manager also adds improved integration for IE 10 and IE based browsers, has an improved toolbar, and lots of other improvements and features such as a video page grabber, a redeveloped list and MMS protocol support. There is also a new feature to take over https downloads in Google Chrome (it adds a feature to Show download this video/audio panel for https videos in the browser). This latest version of IDM (6.25) has resolved issues with 1080p HD video recognition in Google Chrome. You can download music and video files in the form of MP3, FLV, MPEG and a multitude of other formats. IDM will integrate easily into your web browser of choice, whether that be Microsoft Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome, in fact almost all other popular browsers are supported to automatically manage your downloads. MP3 audio and MPEG video content processing.From improved MIDI Remote integration and improved editing tools to enhanced audio-to-MIDI and new effects, Cubase 12 will bring your creative ideas to life better and faster. IDM has a simple GUI, which makes it easy to use, or if you prefer, you can use Internet Download Manager from the command line interface. Cubase 12 windows features significant new features and workflow enhancements which make composing, recording, and mixing music even more creatively rewarding. These will restart interrupted downloads due to lost connections, network issues, power outages and system shutdowns. Internet Download Manager houses a comprehensive error recovery system with resume capability features. IDM reuses available connections without additional connections to gain the best acceleration performance. IDM has a sharp download logic accelerator that features intelligent dynamic file segmentation and organize safe multipart downloading technology to increase the speed of your downloads. Download software IDM FULL Crack v6.42.3 + Repack (Fix fake serial key) lifetime activated for Windows 10 and Windows 11, this is the latest repack version without fake serial error. Internet Download Manager is the prefer of many, when it comes to increasing download speeds up to 5x. Internet Download Manager IDM Version 6.25 adds Windows 10 compatibility, adds Latest Internet Download Manager IDM 6.25 build 19 registered serial key / keygen / key generator Free Download download panel for web-players that can be used to download flash videos from sites like MySpaceTV, and others. |
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